十月革命既是伟大的政治革命，同时也是深刻的“思想革命”以及更为艰巨的“文化革命”。新经济政策既是苏维埃政权在经济领域政策的重大调整，也是其在文化政策和意识形态上的重大变化。出于政权安全和国家安全的考虑，苏维埃政权对部分反共反苏知识分子采取了政治整肃、司法镇压乃至驱逐出境的手段，这在当时曾在相当大的程度发挥了积极作用，但同时也遗留下了历史隐患。

October Revolution is not only a great political revolution, but also a profound “ideological revolution” and even a more difficult “cultural revolution”. New economic policy shows both major adjustments by the Soviet regime in the economic sphere and tremendous changes in its cultural policy and ideology. Considering its national security, the Soviet regime has adopted means including political purge, judicial repression and even expulsion against some anti-communist and anti-Soviet Union intellectuals, which has played an active role to a great extent, but left behind problems as well.