本文从哈萨克斯坦的实例出发，考察单个国家利用制度竞争吸引外国投资产生的一系列决策的差异性问题。它主要聚焦于政治偏见和政治生存效果两者之间的矛盾，这恰恰是正规经济制度发展和实施的推动力。哈萨克斯坦的例子展现了这二者相对重要性的转变对国家在争取外国直接投资（FDI）所产生的显著影响。此外，本文还着眼于经济全球化背景下各个层面在制度竞争中的相对重要性。

The paper approaches the problem of differentiation of strategies implemented by individual countries in the institutional competition for foreign investments by looking at the experience of Kazakhstan. It basically focuses on the contradiction between political bias and political survival effects as driving forces for development and implementation of formal economic institutions. Kazakhstan demonstrates how the shift of relative importance of these two aspects significantly influenced the country’s position in competing for FDI. Moreover, the paper looks at the relative importance of individual levels of institutional competition in a globalizing economy.