The author argues the pattern of the Central Asian region can not be interpreted by the “Great Game” model but proposes that the complex power structure model may be more explanatory. The traditional hegemony of Russia, the rise of China, the global hegemony of the United States and the regional powers such as Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, have composed the complicated geo-political network in Central Asian region. The change of Central Asian countries from the objects of the international politics to the identity with more and more subjective characteristics is an important reason for such a regional structure. As for China, it is a better strategic choice to promote open cooperation with the common aim for peace, stability and sustainable development in Central Asian region and establish a harmonious Central Asian region based on the principle of cooperative multilateralism.