Now it is the time to re-understand how China stated Russian issues in the 20th century. Actually, for a rather long time in the 20th century, Russia has been a lingering myth for China, which existed in all corners of the Chinese society and thus has influenced without a break so far. We need to clarify the reasons for this situation. With much enthusiasm, some well-known intellectuals identified or refused the Russia recognized by the Soviet Union without knowing the Soviet Union because of the times limitation; Some generalized the regional phenomenon of the Soviet revolution which gained success under international anti-capitalist tides as a universal rule without academic researches or judges.Since1950s, based on Socialism theories of the Soviet Union, the intellectual circle understands the revolution of the Soviet Union after “thaw” as departure from socialism and its collapse as the failure of international communism. Accordingly, the views lacking consideration of modern national states among the intellectual community has become a theoretical basis for the party, the government and the society to understand the Soviet Union’s problems, which were quite popular in China’s society. This situation has lasted almost until the end of the 20th century. Reflection on these historic statements, it’s not only historical warning but also has theoretical values for China to raise its awareness level of Russian issues and construct a proper Sino-Russian relation in the 21st century.